The government’s Cycle to Work scheme is an employee benefit allowing you buy a cycle and equipment. But how does it work? Cycling UK digital officer Rebecca Armstrong explains what the scheme is, how it benefits you and how to get involved
Cycle commuting is a cheap and healthy way to get to work. And, depending on where you live, it’s often quicker than other options. You will, of course, need a cycle – which is where the government’s Cycle to Work scheme comes in.
The scheme, which is run through employers, is a cost-effective way of getting new equipment so that you can cycle to work. The cost of the new kit comes directly out of your salary, so you don’t pay tax or National Insurance on it, saving around 32%. But how does it work and how do you apply? This guide explains all.
The UK Government first introduced its Cycle to Work scheme in 1999 as a way of promoting healthier journeys to work and reducing air pollution. According to the Cycle to Work Alliance (CTWA) – a coalition of the five biggest providers of the scheme – more than 2 million commuters working for 40,000 employers have received a cycle through the scheme.
It’s what’s known as a salary-sacrifice employee benefit. This is where you agree to give up part of your pre-tax salary in exchange for a benefit – in this case cycling equipment – from your employer. In essence, your employer buys the cycle, and you hire it. The loan period is usually between 12 and 18 months but can be longer.
The ‘pre-tax’ part is where the savings come in. Because the payment is made before deductions, you won’t pay tax on that portion of your salary, saving you money on both income tax and National Insurance. How much you save depends on your tax bracket and the total cost of the kit.
Your employer will have to be registered with one of the various scheme providers on offer. You choose what equipment you need, which can include the bike itself, clothing and accessories, and then submit your application to your employer.
Once your employer has approved your application with the service provider, they pay for the kit and you receive a voucher, redemption code or Letter of Collection – depending on which provider is being used. This is what you hand over to the retailer in payment, rather than your hard-earned cash.
You then pay your employer back through monthly instalments, which are automatically taken through payroll, for the agreed hire period. How much you pay each month depends on the total value of the loan.
There are several online calculators that will work out your payments based on your salary and the cost of the kit. As a guide, let’s say you earn £25,000 per year (the UK national average as of the beginning of 2022 according to HMRC). You want a cycle that costs £1,000, with helmet and other accessories adding up to £500, so a respectable total of £1,500.
Over a 12-month period, your salary reduction – that is, how much is deducted from your pay each month – is £83.44. This adds up to £1,001.28, saving you £498.72, or almost a third of the retail price.
This is a hire scheme, so at the end of the loan period you won’t own the kit. At this point you have three options. You can return the gear to the provider – maybe to apply for an upgrade. You can buy the equipment at what HMRC calls a “fair market price”, which could be up to 25% of the value of the package.
Finally, you can extend the loan agreement for another three years for a small refundable deposit of either 3% or 7% of the kit. You make no further payments during this period. At the end of the three years, you can either return the equipment and get your deposit back or keep the kit for no further cost.
Now the important part: what can you actually buy? A cycle, obviously, and according to HMRC, this means “a bicycle, a tricycle, or a cycle having four or more wheels, not being in any case a motor vehicle”; e-cycles are also included.
You don’t have to buy a ‘commuter’ bike. Any cycle that can get you to work, or part of your journey, is eligible. However, government guidelines state that you should use your bike and accessories for commuting for at least half of its usage.
It also includes what HMRC calls “cyclists’ safety equipment”. There’s no legal definition of this, but it can include:
The total amount you could spend was previously capped at £1,000, but as of June 2019 this restriction has been removed. This is great news for anyone needing a non-standard cycle or e-cycle, which would have been far too expensive to be eligible.
This doesn’t mean you can splurge on that high-end downhill mountain bike you’ve been hankering for. Your employer will set their own limit which will reflect the needs of the workforce.
Each of the providers have their own preferred suppliers, but thousands of bike shops and online retailers are signed up. Several brands that sell direct to the public are also involved, including well-known names like Canyon, Cannondale and Specialized. Some of the larger retailers include sale items, but not all, so it’s worth checking in advance.
As with all cycle purchases, it’s a good idea to shop around and discuss your personal needs before committing to anything.
There are several providers that employers can register with. The main ones are: Evans Cycles’ Ride to Work, Cyclescheme, Vivup, Halford’s Cycle2Work, Bike2Work, Green Commute Initiative, and Cycle Solutions. Two of the biggest online retailers run their own schemes: Wiggle Cycle to Work and Chain Reaction’s Ride 2 Work. UK cycling brand Raleigh has its own scheme, Electric Bike Access, allowing you to save on any Raleigh bike, as well as models by sister brands Haibike and Lapierre.
Five of the largest providers – Cyclescheme, Cycle Solutions, Evans Cycles, Halfords and Vivup – have come together to create the Cycle to Work Alliance (CTWA). The coalition says it represents 80% of the Cycle to Work market. It actively supports employers through setting up the scheme and works with them to help embed a cycling culture in the workplace.
Each of the schemes is slightly different so if you’re an employer looking to set up a scheme it’s worth checking out the websites to see what’s on offer.
The biggie is that you get a new cycle, along with necessary accessories, at a discount. There’s no upfront payment, no interest and you can spread the payments over 12 to 18 months. At a time when many of us are feeling the pinch, this is a big help.
You’ll also save money on your commute. How much depends on how far you travel, by what means and even where you happen to live. As a guide, research by Cyclescheme showed that, with a five-mile each way commute, you could save more than £3,000 a year by swapping your car for a cycle.
Halfords’ ‘Cyculator’ is a fun and easy-to-use tool that will estimate the cost of your journey based on cycling, driving and public transport.
The benefits don’t stop there. You’ll also get fitter, improve your wellbeing and reduce your carbon footprint. You’ll also be helping to reduce pressure on the NHS.
One extra bonus for Cycling UK members is that, as a member, you get a 5% discount with Raleigh. If you use the company’s own scheme that discount will apply. This means on a bike costing £1,000, you’ll save £50 – paying for the cost of a year’s membership.
You’ll save even more on the cost of the bike via the scheme, and members get a whole host of other benefits.
It costs nothing to sign up – the price of the bike is fully recovered from employees. In fact, employers also save money: up to 15.05% in National Insurance contributions for every employee who takes part in the scheme.
There’s also plenty of research showing that cycling to work makes employees happier, healthier and more productive. It also reduces absenteeism; on average people who cycle to work regularly take 1.3 fewer sick days per year than those who don’t.
Cycling UK understands very well the benefits of cycling to work, which is why the organisation set up its Cycle Friendly Employer accreditation. This is the international benchmark for active travel culture and infrastructure in the workplace. You can find out more about how this works in our comprehensive guide.
It’s important to be aware that you don’t own the cycle at the end of the hire period. But there are ways around this. You can buy it for around 25% of the market value. You’ll still make a significant saving, and some employers cover this cost themselves. Alternatively, you can extend the hire period for a nominal cost, at the end of which all the kit is yours.
The scheme is only open to employees who pay tax on a PAYE (Pay As You Earn) basis. This means freelancers, ‘gig’ workers and the self-employed – who make up a significant and growing proportion of the workforce – are exempt.
National Minimum Wage rules mean that employers can’t make salary sacrifice deductions that would take employees’ salary below this. So those on or near minimum wage can’t access the scheme, either.
However, earlier this year groups including the Federation of Small Businesses, the Co-op and British Cycling wrote to the chancellor calling on the government to change these rules.
The CTWA has asked the government to introduce a specific exemption for the Cycle to Work scheme from the National Minimum Wage regulations. This would allow employers to enter staff into a salary sacrifice arrangement solely for the purpose of buying a cycle and accessories, even if it brings their take-home pay below minimum wage.
The alliance is also calling on the government to include the Cycle to Work scheme as a permissible expense under travel costs for self-employed workers, just as train tickets and fuel are currently.
Adrian Warren, chair of the Cycle to Work Alliance, commented: “The Cycle to Work scheme plays an important role for employers and employees. Employees get access to a healthy, low-carbon and low-cost commuting option, and employers can demonstrate their commitment to health and employee wellbeing in an easy-to-manage way.
“The Cycle to Work Alliance is committed to ensuring that the scheme is forward looking, good value, and as inclusive as possible, and is working with government and wider industry to achieve this.”
There is also the inaccurate perception that the scheme is time consuming, complicated and difficult to implement, making it not worth the effort for small businesses and leading to lower uptake among such organisations.
However, scheme providers offer an important role in simplifying the process, even handling the administrative duties. Cycling UK can also offer support and advice through the Cycle Friendly Employer project.
If you’re an employee, first find out if your company offers a Cycle to Work scheme – and if not, get in touch with HR to let them know about the benefits it brings. If you’re an employer, now is the time to start looking into it. If you need any advice, register with our Cycle Friendly Employer scheme for help and advice. If you have any questions about CFE accreditation, check out our FAQs.
